1.1                          A bill for an act 
  1.2             relating to landlord tenant; nuisance; requiring a 
  1.3             legal services program to provide representation in 
  1.4             certain nuisance cases; allowing a neighborhood 
  1.5             organization to bring a nuisance action; defining 
  1.6             nuisance per se and providing minimum damages in 
  1.7             private nuisance actions; allowing a neighborhood 
  1.8             organization to appear without an attorney in certain 
  1.9             actions; modifying the definition of nuisance 
  1.10            activity; allowing appointment of an administrator for 
  1.11            certain nuisance buildings; amending Minnesota 
  1.12            Statutes 1996, sections 480.242, by adding a 
  1.13            subdivision; 561.01; 566.18, subdivisions 2 and 9; 
  1.14            566.19; and 566.20, subdivision 1; Minnesota Statutes 
  1.15            1997 Supplement, sections 566.18, subdivision 6; 
  1.16            617.81, subdivision 2; and 617.88; proposing coding 
  1.17            for new law in Minnesota Statutes, chapter 617. 
  1.18  BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA: 
  1.19     Section 1.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 480.242, is 
  1.20  amended by adding a subdivision to read: 
  1.21     Subd. 6.  [NUISANCE AND TENANT REMEDIES.] A qualified legal 
  1.22  services program that receives funds under this section shall 
  1.23  include in the services it provides representation of plaintiffs 
  1.24  in actions under sections 561.01, 566.18 to 566.33, and 617.81 
  1.25  to 617.89.  
  1.26     Sec. 2.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 561.01, is 
  1.27  amended to read: 
  1.28     561.01 [NUISANCE; ACTION.] 
  1.29     Anything which is injurious to health, or indecent or 
  1.30  offensive to the senses, or an obstruction to the free use of 
  1.31  property, so as to interfere with the comfortable enjoyment of 
  2.1   life or property, is a nuisance.  An action may be brought by 
  2.2   any person whose property is injuriously affected or whose 
  2.3   personal enjoyment is lessened by the nuisance~~, and~~ or by a 
  2.4   neighborhood organization as defined in section 566.18, 
  2.5   subdivision 9.  By the judgment the nuisance may be enjoined or 
  2.6   abated, as well as damages recovered.  Proof by clear and 
  2.7   convincing evidence of an incident that would constitute a 
  2.8   nuisance under section 617.81 is a nuisance per se under this 
  2.9   section.  Minimum damages of $500 and attorney and investigation 
  2.10  fees shall be awarded to a prevailing plaintiff under this 
  2.11  section. 
  2.12     Sec. 3.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 566.18, 
  2.13  subdivision 2, is amended to read: 
  2.14     Subd. 2.  [TENANT.] "Tenant" means any person who is 
  2.15  occupying a dwelling in a building as defined in subdivision 7, 
  2.16  under any agreement, lease, or contract, whether oral or 
  2.17  written, and for whatever period of time, which requires the 
  2.18  payment of money or exchange of services as rent for the use of 
  2.19  the dwelling unit, and all other regular occupants of that 
  2.20  dwelling unit, and any resident of a manufactured home 
  2.21  park.  "Tenant" includes an individual who resides within 500 
  2.22  feet of a building subject to sections 566.18 to 566.33. 
  2.23     Sec. 4.  Minnesota Statutes 1997 Supplement, section 
  2.24  566.18, subdivision 6, is amended to read: 
  2.25     Subd. 6.  [VIOLATION.] "Violation" means: 
  2.26     (a) a violation of any state, county or city health, 
  2.27  safety, housing, building, fire prevention, noise, or housing 
  2.28  maintenance code applicable to the building, including section 
  2.29  216C.27, subdivisions 1 and 3; 
  2.30     (b) a violation of any of the covenants set forth in 
  2.31  section 504.18, subdivision 1, clauses (a) or (b), or in section 
  2.32  504.181, subdivision 1; 
  2.33     (c) a violation of an oral or written agreement, lease or 
  2.34  contract for the rental of a dwelling in a building.  
  2.35     Sec. 5.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 566.18, 
  2.36  subdivision 9, is amended to read: 
  3.1      Subd. 9.  [NEIGHBORHOOD ORGANIZATION.] "Neighborhood 
  3.2   organization" means a nonprofit corporation incorporated under 
  3.3   chapter 317A that satisfies clauses (1) and (2).  
  3.4      The corporation shall:  
  3.5      (1) designate in its articles of incorporation or bylaws a 
  3.6   specific geographic community to which its activities are 
  3.7   limited; and 
  3.8      (2) be formed for the purposes of promoting community 
  3.9   safety, crime prevention, and housing quality in a 
  3.10  nondiscriminatory manner. 
  3.11     ~~For purposes of this chapter, an action taken by a~~ 
  3.12  ~~neighborhood organization with the written permission of a~~ 
  3.13  ~~tenant means, with respect to a building with multiple dwelling~~ 
  3.14  ~~units, an action taken by the neighborhood organization with the~~ 
  3.15  ~~written permission of the tenants of a majority of the occupied~~ 
  3.16  ~~units.~~ 
  3.17     Sec. 6.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 566.19, is 
  3.18  amended to read: 
  3.19     566.19 [INSPECTION, NOTICE.] 
  3.20     Subdivision 1.  Upon demand by a tenant~~,~~ or neighborhood 
  3.21  organization ~~with the written permission of a tenant or, if a~~ 
  3.22  ~~building is unoccupied, by a neighborhood organization~~, an 
  3.23  inspection shall be made by the local authority charged with 
  3.24  enforcing the code claimed to be violated. 
  3.25     Subd. 2.  After an inspection of a building has been made 
  3.26  upon demand by a tenant or neighborhood organization ~~with the~~ 
  3.27  ~~written permission of a tenant~~, the owner or the owner's agent 
  3.28  and the complaining tenant or neighborhood organization shall be 
  3.29  informed in writing by the inspector of any code violations 
  3.30  discovered and a reasonable period of time shall be allowed in 
  3.31  which to correct the violations. 
  3.32     Subd. 3.  Where an inspection has been made, no action 
  3.33  shall be brought pursuant to sections 566.18 to 566.33 except on 
  3.34  expiration of the time thus granted without satisfactory repairs 
  3.35  being accomplished to remove the code violations unless the 
  3.36  tenant or neighborhood organization ~~with the written permission~~ 
  4.1   ~~of a tenant shall allege~~ alleges that the time is excessive. 
  4.2      Subd. 4.  No action may be commenced pursuant to sections 
  4.3   566.18 to 566.33 by a tenant of a building in which a violation 
  4.4   as defined in section 566.18, subdivision 6, clause (b) or (c), 
  4.5   is alleged to exist or by a neighborhood organization ~~with the~~ 
  4.6   ~~written permission of a tenant~~ in the case of a building in 
  4.7   which a violation as defined in section 566.18, subdivision 6, 
  4.8   clause (b), is alleged to exist unless the owner is informed in 
  4.9   writing of the alleged violation at least 14 days prior to the 
  4.10  commencement of the action.  The notice requirement may be 
  4.11  waived upon a finding by the court that the owner cannot be 
  4.12  located despite diligent efforts. 
  4.13     Sec. 7.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 566.20, 
  4.14  subdivision 1, is amended to read: 
  4.15     Subdivision 1.  An action may be brought in district court 
  4.16  by any tenant of a building in which a violation, as defined in 
  4.17  section 566.18, subdivision 6, is alleged to exist~~, or by any~~ 
  4.18  ~~neighborhood organization with the written permission of a~~ 
  4.19  ~~tenant of a building in which a violation, as defined in section~~ 
  4.20  ~~566.18, subdivision 6, clause (a) or (b), is alleged to exist,~~ 
  4.21  ~~or~~; by a neighborhood organization that has within its 
  4.22  geographical area ~~an unoccupied~~ a building in which a violation, 
  4.23  as defined in section 566.18, subdivision 6, clause (a) or (b), 
  4.24  is alleged to exist~~,~~; or by a state, county or local department, 
  4.25  or authority, charged with the enforcement of codes relating to 
  4.26  health, housing, or building maintenance.  
  4.27     Notwithstanding any court rule to the contrary, a 
  4.28  neighborhood organization may appear in this action through an 
  4.29  officer or employee and without an attorney. 
  4.30     Sec. 8.  Minnesota Statutes 1997 Supplement, section 
  4.31  617.81, subdivision 2, is amended to read: 
  4.32     Subd. 2.  [ACTS CONSTITUTING A NUISANCE.] (a) For purposes 
  4.33  of sections 617.80 to 617.87, a public nuisance exists upon 
  4.34  proof of ~~two~~ one or more ~~separate behavioral incidents of one or~~ 
  4.35  ~~more~~ of the following, committed ~~within the previous 12 months~~ 
  4.36  within the building:  
  5.1      (1) prostitution or prostitution-related activity committed 
  5.2   within the building; 
  5.3      (2) gambling or gambling-related activity committed within 
  5.4   the building; 
  5.5      (3) maintaining a public nuisance in violation of section 
  5.6   609.74, clause (1) or (3); 
  5.7      (4) permitting a public nuisance in violation of section 
  5.8   609.745; 
  5.9      (5) unlawful sale, possession, storage, delivery, giving, 
  5.10  manufacture, cultivation, or use of controlled substances 
  5.11  committed within the building; 
  5.12     (6) unlicensed sales of alcoholic beverages committed 
  5.13  within the building in violation of section 340A.401; 
  5.14     (7) unlawful sales or gifts of alcoholic beverages by an 
  5.15  unlicensed person committed within the building in violation of 
  5.16  section 340A.503, subdivision 2, clause (1); 
  5.17     (8) unlawful use or possession of a firearm in violation of 
  5.18  section 609.66, subdivision 1a, 609.67, or 624.713, committed 
  5.19  within the building, or within 500 feet of the building; ~~or~~ 
  5.20     (9) violation by a commercial enterprise of local or state 
  5.21  business licensing regulations, ordinances, or statutes 
  5.22  prohibiting the maintenance of a public nuisance as defined in 
  5.23  section 609.74 or the control of a public nuisance as defined in 
  5.24  section 609.745; 
  5.25     (10) an act of burglary in violation of section 609.582; or 
  5.26     (11) two or more incidents in violation of a noise 
  5.27  ordinance within the building within the previous 12 months. 
  5.28     (b) If the building contains more than one rental unit, ~~two~~ 
  5.29  one or more ~~behavioral~~ of the incidents in paragraph (a) must 
  5.30  consist of conduct: 
  5.31     (1) anywhere in the building by the same tenant or lessee, 
  5.32  or persons acting in conjunction with or under the control of 
  5.33  the same tenant or lessee; 
  5.34     (2) by any persons within the same rental unit while 
  5.35  occupied by the same tenant or lessee or within two or more 
  5.36  rental units while occupied by the same tenant or lessee; or 
  6.1      (3) by the owner of the building or persons acting in 
  6.2   conjunction with or under the control of the owner. 
  6.3      (c) Proof of a nuisance exists if each of the elements of 
  6.4   the conduct constituting the nuisance is established by clear 
  6.5   and convincing evidence. 
  6.6      Sec. 9.  [617.821] [JOINDER; ATTORNEY FEES.] 
  6.7      A resident of the jurisdiction or a neighborhood 
  6.8   organization as defined in section 566.18, subdivision 9, may 
  6.9   join the prosecutor as a plaintiff in a proceeding under section 
  6.10  617.80 to 617.87 and, upon prevailing, may recover minimum 
  6.11  damages of $500 and attorney fees and investigation costs. 
  6.12     Sec. 10.  [617.875] [ADMINISTRATION.] 
  6.13     Subdivision 1.  [ALTERNATIVE.] Notwithstanding contrary 
  6.14  provisions of sections 617.81 to 617.89, if the court finds that 
  6.15  a nuisance is maintained or permitted in a building, the court 
  6.16  may appoint an administrator of the building under this section 
  6.17  rather than entering an order of abatement. 
  6.18     Subd. 2.  [APPOINTMENT; BOND; EXPENSES.] The court may 
  6.19  appoint as administrator a local government unit or agency or 
  6.20  any person other than the owner of the building or any plaintiff 
  6.21  in the nuisance action.  An administrator other than a 
  6.22  government agency or unit shall post bond to guarantee the 
  6.23  amount of the rent expected to be collected during the period of 
  6.24  administration.  The court may allow a reasonable amount from 
  6.25  the rent money for the services of the administrators and the 
  6.26  expenses of administration, or upon termination of the 
  6.27  administration may enter judgment against the owner for these 
  6.28  services and expenses. 
  6.29     Subd. 3.  [POWERS.] The administrator may collect rents, 
  6.30  evict tenants for any reason permitted by law or any lawful 
  6.31  lease provision, enter into leases for vacant residential units, 
  6.32  rent vacant commercial units with the consent of the owner, 
  6.33  provide services to tenants which the owner is obligated to 
  6.34  provide and pay for them with funds available under subdivision 
  6.35  1, and exercise all other powers necessary and appropriate to 
  6.36  enforce the terms of an injunction entered under section 617.83. 
  7.1      Subd. 4.  [LIABILITY.] An administrator which is a 
  7.2   government unit or agency is immune from liability for actions 
  7.3   in the performance of duties under this section.  An 
  7.4   administrator other than a government unit or agency is immune 
  7.5   from liability except for misfeasance, malfeasance, or 
  7.6   nonfeasance. 
  7.7      Subd. 5.  [REMOVAL OF ADMINISTRATOR.] An administrator 
  7.8   other than a government unit or agency may petition the court to 
  7.9   be relieved of duties under this section.  The court may grant 
  7.10  the petition and dismiss the administrator upon approval of the 
  7.11  accounts. 
  7.12     A plaintiff in the nuisance action may petition the court 
  7.13  to remove an administrator other than a government unit or 
  7.14  agency.  Upon good cause shown, the court shall order an 
  7.15  accounting and may dismiss the administrator and make other 
  7.16  necessary and appropriate orders in the circumstances.  The 
  7.17  court shall appoint a new administrator unless it determines 
  7.18  that administration should terminate under subdivision 6. 
  7.19     Subd. 6.  [TERMINATION.] Administration shall terminate 
  7.20  upon certification by the prosecuting attorney in the nuisance 
  7.21  action that nuisance activity is no longer being maintained or 
  7.22  permitted in the building. 
  7.23     Sec. 11.  Minnesota Statutes 1997 Supplement, section 
  7.24  617.88, is amended to read: 
  7.25     617.88 [DEFINITION.] 
  7.26     (a) The terms used in section 617.89 have the meanings 
  7.27  given in this section. 
  7.28     (b) "Nuisance" means: 
  7.29     (1) an act of prostitution that would violate sections 
  7.30  609.321 to 609.324; 
  7.31     (2) unlawful sale or possession of controlled substances; 
  7.32     (3) unlawful use or possession of a firearm in violation of 
  7.33  section 609.66, subdivision 1a; 609.67; or 624.713; ~~or~~ 
  7.34     (4) violation by a commercial enterprise of local or state 
  7.35  business licensing regulations, ordinances, or statutes 
  7.36  prohibiting the maintenance of a public nuisance as defined in 
  8.1   section 609.74 or the control of a public nuisance as defined in 
  8.2   section 609.745; or 
  8.3      (5) an act of burglary in violation of section 609.582. 
  8.4      (c) "Neighborhood organization" means a nonprofit 
  8.5   corporation incorporated under chapter 317A that satisfies 
  8.6   clauses (1) and (2). 
  8.7      The corporation shall: 
  8.8      (1) designate in its articles of incorporation or bylaws a 
  8.9   specific geographic community to which its activities are 
  8.10  limited; and 
  8.11     (2) be formed for the purposes of promoting community 
  8.12  safety, crime prevention, and housing quality in a 
  8.13  nondiscriminatory manner. 
  8.14     Sec. 12.  [EFFECTIVE DATE; APPLICATION.] 
  8.15     Sections 1 to 11 are effective August 1, 1998, and apply to 
  8.16  nuisance conduct occurring on and after that date.