See also CONVEYANCES; MORTGAGE CORPORATIONS; MORTGAGE GUARANTY INSURANCE; MORTGAGE REGISTRY TAXES; REAL PROPERTY; TRACT INDEXES
Accelerated mortgage payment providers
Accounts and accounting, Minn. Statutes 2004 332.303
Background checks, Minn. Statutes 2004 332.301
Bond requirements, Minn. Statutes 2004 332.30
Contracts, Minn. Statutes 2004 332.302
Default due to nonpayment, Minn. Statutes 2004 332.302
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 332.13
Payments received, Minn. Statutes 2004 332.302
Acknowledgments of, power to take, Minn. Statutes 2004 359.05
Adverse claims to real property, Minn. Statutes 2004 559.17 to 559.19
Advertisement of terms, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.206
Affidavits, filing or recording, mortgage registry taxes, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Amendments
Deed taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.22
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.01
Form, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Mortgage registry taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.04
Application of law
Certificates of release of mortgage, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.401
Certificates of satisfaction of assignee, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.403
Manufactured homes, repossession, Minn. Statutes 2004 327.63
Satisfaction by fewer than all mortgagees, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.412
Security, inapplicable laws, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.21
Armory Building Commission, securing, conditions, Minn. Statutes 2004 193.147
Assignees defined as purchasers
Recording conveyances, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.01
Assignment
Corporate identity changes, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.411
Deed taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.22
Defined as conveyance, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.01
Financial corporations, accounts, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.205
Recorded assignment, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.10, 507.32
Requests for information, response time, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.205
Violations and penalties, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.205
Assignment of rents and profits, defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.401
Assumptions, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Background checks
Accelerated mortgage payment providers, Minn. Statutes 2004 332.301
Banks with trust powers, investment powers, Minn. Statutes 2004 48A.08
Bills of lading
Negotiating bills with mortgages, fines, Minn. Statutes 2004 228.48
Brokers, defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.206, 58.02
Business corporations
Rights, powers of corporation regarding, Minn. Statutes 2004 302A.161
Canada, investments in, insurance companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.11
Certificates of release of mortgage, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.401
Certificates of satisfaction by assignee, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.403
Certified copies
Certificates of satisfaction by assignee, recording, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.403
Discharges, recording, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.40
Chattel mortgages, see CHATTEL MORTGAGES
Claims secured by, defined as credits, Minn. Statutes 2004 272.03
Commercial mortgage activities, residential mortgage originator and servicer licenses, exemptions, Minn. Statutes 2004 58.05
Commercial mortgage loans
Definitions, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.121
Insurance companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.122, 60A.123, 60A.1285
Condominiums, Minn. Statutes 2004 515.02
Conflicts of interest
Rural Finance Authority, members or employees, Minn. Statutes 2004 41C.11
Construction mortgages
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 336.2A-309, 336.9-102
Security interests, perfection and priority, Minn. Statutes 2004 336.9-334
Cooperative apartment loans
Assignment or sale, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.206
Discount point agreements, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.206
Generally, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Graduated payment home loans, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.201
Insurance rates, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20, 47.206
Cooperative associations
Corporate powers, Minn. Statutes 2004 308A.201
Rights, powers of association regarding, Minn. Statutes 2004 308B.301
Cooperative power associations, Minn. Statutes 2004 300.114
Covenants, short form mortgages, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.15
Damages, failure to discharge, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.41
Debt prorating companies, violations, Minn. Statutes 2004 332.24, 332.26
Deed taxes, exemptions, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.22
Deficiency judgment, Minn. Statutes 2004 582.30
Definitions
Advertisement, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.206
Certificates of release of mortgage, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.401
Financial corporations, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Insurance law, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.121
Interest rate or discount point agreements, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.206
Interpretation of law, Minn. Statutes 2004 645.44
MFIP, Minn. Statutes 2004 256J.08
Mortgage registry tax, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.01
Partnerships, Minn. Statutes 2004 323A.0101
Private mortgage insurance, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.207
Residential Mortgage Originator and Servicer Licensing Act, Minn. Statutes 2004 58.02
Uniform Probate Code, Minn. Statutes 2004 524.1-201
Delinquent mortgage loans
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.121
Insurance companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.123, 60A.127
Descriptions of property, misdescription, correction instruments, mortgage registry taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.04
Discharge, certified copies, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.40
Disclosures
Interest rate or discount point agreements, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.206
Discount point agreements, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20, 47.206
Discriminatory provisions restricting conveyance of real property, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.18
Distressed mortgage loans
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.121
Insurance companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.123, 60A.127
Eligibility, Minn. Statutes 2004 41C.05
Eligible mortgagor, defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 462A.03
Enforcement, exclusion
Transfers, successor liability of businesses, Minn. Statutes 2004 270.102
Escrow accounts, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20, 47.205
Evidence, mortgage registry tax payment, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.10
Extensions
Deed taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.22
Mortgage registry taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.04
Farms, drafting, Minn. Statutes 2004 481.02
Federal preemption
Limitations on interest and other charges, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.204
Override, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.203
Federally insured mortgage, defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 462A.03
Finance charges, precomputed, refunds, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Fines
Cooperative apartment loans, unlawful interest rates, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Satisfaction of mortgage, failure to deliver, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.208
First mortgages
Investment companies, assets, types permitted, Minn. Statutes 2004 54.27
Fixture filing, defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 336.2A-309
Foreclosure, see Mortgages under FORECLOSURE
Foreign corporations
Business transactions, exceptions, Minn. Statutes 2004 303.03
Violations, effect, Minn. Statutes 2004 303.17
Forms
Amendments, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Conveyances, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.09
Drafters, inclusion of names and addresses, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.091
Multistate mortgages, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Real property in Minnesota, security for, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Short form mortgages, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.15
Fraternal benefit societies
Mortgage registry taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.04
Gambling debts, mortgage void, Minn. Statutes 2004 541.21
Gas companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 300.114
Graduated payment home loans, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.201
Grantees, power to sell land, Minn. Statutes 2004 502.77
High-risk mortgage-backed securities
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 118A.04
Investments in, public funds (local), exclusions, Minn. Statutes 2004 118A.04
Housing projects in blighted areas, security, Minn. Statutes 2004 469.012
Implied covenants, interpretation of law, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.16
Industrial development projects, see Mortgages under INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT DISTRICTS
Insurance
Excess insurance, Minn. Statutes 2004 65A.09, 72A.31
Group accidental death and disability income insurance policies, Minn. Statutes 2004 62A.10
Group life insurance policies, provisions, Minn. Statutes 2004 61A.09
Guaranty insurance, see MORTGAGE GUARANTY INSURANCE
Private mortgage insurance, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.207
Insurance companies
Appraisals, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.127
Appraiser, selection requirements, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.127
Definitions, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.121
Direct write-downs, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.123, 60A.1285
Fire insurance settlement proceeds, release to mortgagee, Minn. Statutes 2004 65A.50
Impairment, measurement, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.123
Investments, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.11
Life insurance companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 61A.09, 61A.28
Losses, permanent impairments, realized losses, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.1285
Random sample procedures, rulemaking, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.127
Reports given, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.127
Valuation, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.123
Interest
Business expenses allowed, MFIP self-employed participants, Minn. Statutes 2004 256J.37
Conventional mortgage loans, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Limitations, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.204
Reverse mortgages, mortgage registry tax, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Interest rate agreements, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.206
Interpretation of law
Mortgages defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 645.44
Private mortgage insurance, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.207
Investment grade, Minn. Statutes 2004 58.13
Investments in
Housing Finance Agency, powers, Minn. Statutes 2004 462A.05
Institutional funds, Minn. Statutes 2004 309.65
Insurance companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.11
Investment Board, Minn. Statutes 2004 11A.24
Public funds (local), Minn. Statutes 2004 118A.04
Public retirement plans, Minn. Statutes 2004 356A.06
Savings banks, Minn. Statutes 2004 50.14
Joint tenants, satisfaction or release, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.412
Land registration, see Mortgages under LAND REGISTRATION
Life insurance companies
Group life insurance, policies, Minn. Statutes 2004 45.0293, 61A.09
Loans secured by mortgages, investments, Minn. Statutes 2004 61A.28
Limited liability companies, see Mortgages under LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES
Long-term residential housing mortgage loans
Housing Finance Agency, powers, Minn. Statutes 2004 462A.05
Mail and mailing
Satisfaction of mortgage, certified mail, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.208
Minerals, conveyances, recording, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.36
Minneapolis employees retirement fund
Loans secured by mortgages, investment in, Minn. Statutes 2004 422A.05
Mortgage brokering, defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 58.02
Mortgage brokers, defined
Financial corporations, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.206
Residential Mortgage Originator and Servicer Licensing Act, Minn. Statutes 2004 58.02
Mortgage certificate program
Housing Finance Agency, powers, Minn. Statutes 2004 462A.05
Mortgage credit certificate programs
Aid payments, Minn. Statutes 2004 462C.15
Definitions, municipal housing programs, Minn. Statutes 2004 462C.02
Generally, Minn. Statutes 2004 462C.11
Mortgage liens
Junior liens, voluntary foreclosures, Minn. Statutes 2004 582.32
Subdivided land sales, application of law, Minn. Statutes 2004 83.40
Mortgage loans
Agricultural property, mortgage registry taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.04
Commercial mortgage loans, see same under this topic
Definitions, Minn. Statutes 2004 56.001
Farmers Home Administration, see FARMERS HOME ADMINISTRATION (FMHA)
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, see FEDERAL HOME LOAN MORTGAGE CORPORATION (FREDDIE MAC)
Federal National Mortgage Association, see FEDERAL NATIONAL MORTGAGE ASSOCIATION (FANNIE MAE)
Group life insurance policies, provisions, Minn. Statutes 2004 45.0293
Housing and Urban Development Department (U.S.), see HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT (U.S.)
Housing Finance Agency, see Mortgage loans under HOUSING FINANCE AGENCY LOANS AND GRANTS
Improved real estate, banks, liability, Minn. Statutes 2004 48.24
Low and moderate income/affordable housing programs, mortgage registry taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.04
Renegotiable rate mortgage loans, Minn. Statutes 2004 50.14
Reverse mortgages, see same under this topic
Veterans Administration, see VETERANS ADMINISTRATION (U.S.)
Mortgage servicer, defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.401
Mortgage trustees, Minn. Statutes 2004 48A.07
Mortgagees
Advances by, mortgage registry taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Definitions, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20, 507.401
Delinquent property taxes, filing to receive notice, Minn. Statutes 2004 276.041
Exclusion, successor liability of businesses, Minn. Statutes 2004 270.102
Fiduciary duties, mortgage registry taxes, collection and remittance, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.08
Foreclosure consultants, exclusion, Minn. Statutes 2004 325N.01
Fraternal benefit societies, mortgage registry taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.04
Land acquired by foreclosure, hazardous substances releases, responsible persons, Minn. Statutes 2004 115B.03
Notice given, property taxes, payment, Minn. Statutes 2004 272.435
Notice received, fire insurance, final settlement, partial withholding, Minn. Statutes 2004 65A.50
Payments to, fire insurance settlement proceeds, Minn. Statutes 2004 65A.50
Tax liens, enforcement, filing of notice, Minn. Statutes 2004 270.69
Mortgagor
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.401
Liability, wrongful or erroneous certificates of release of mortgage, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.401
Notice received, property taxes, payment, Minn. Statutes 2004 272.435
Residential real estate closings, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.45
Multistate mortgages
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.01
Mortgage registry taxes, see MORTGAGE REGISTRY TAXES
Municipal gas agencies, Minn. Statutes 2004 453A.04, 453A.05
Municipal power agencies, Minn. Statutes 2004 453.54, 453.55
Neighborhood land trusts, Minn. Statutes 2004 462A.31
Nonprofit corporations, Minn. Statutes 2004 317A.161, 317A.305, 317A.671
Notice
Recitals of unrecorded mortgages, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.332
Recording deemed notice, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.32, 507.325
Ores, conveyances, recording, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.36
Owners, affidavits
Deed taxes, see DEED TAXES
Mortgage registry taxes, payment, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.11
Partial release
Deed taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.22
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.401
Payments
Assignment for benefit of creditors, Minn. Statutes 2004 577.08
Charges against principal, Uniform Principal and Income Act, Minn. Statutes 2004 501B.71
Reverse mortgages, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Payoff statement, defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.401
Performing mortgage loans
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.121
Insurance companies, valuation, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.123
Pipeline companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 300.114, 300.115
Plain Language Contract Act, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 325G.30
Power companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 300.114
Power to make, generally, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Precomputed loans
Finance charges, refunds, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Prepayment penalties, eminent domain, Minn. Statutes 2004 117.087
Prepayment penalties, restrictions, Minn. Statutes 2004 58.137
Prima facie evidence, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.403, 507.411
Private mortgage insurance, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.207
Probate, mortgages defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 524.1-201
Public property, exemptions, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.04
Public retirement plans
Loans secured by mortgages, investment in, Minn. Statutes 2004 356.64
Public service corporations, Minn. Statutes 2004 300.10, 300.11
Public utilities, Minn. Statutes 2004 300.114
Purchase money real estate mortgages, see PURCHASE MONEY REAL ESTATE MORTGAGES
Purchase, mortgage defined as, Minn. Statutes 2004 336.1-201, 336.2A-103
Railroads, Minn. Statutes 2004 222.13, 222.18
Real estate mortgage investment conduit, ownership of interest, income and franchise taxes, exceptions, Minn. Statutes 2004 290.015
Real estate mortgages, defined as encumbrances, Minn. Statutes 2004 336.2A-309
Real property subject to taconite and iron sulfides taxes
Mortgage registry taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.04
Real property, nonjoinder of spouse, effect, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.03
Recitals
Disregarding, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.33, 507.331
Unrecorded mortgages, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.332
Recording
Corporate identity changes, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.411
County recorders, duties, Minn. Statutes 2004 386.39
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.01
Mortgage registry taxes, payment, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.10
Refinancing mortgages
Housing Finance Agency, powers, Minn. Statutes 2004 462A.05
Refunds, precomputed finance charges, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Registration
Fees, Minn. Statutes 2004 40A.151, 40A.152
Taxes, see MORTGAGE REGISTRY TAXES
Regulated lenders, see Mortgages under REGULATED LENDERS
Religious corporations, see Mortgages under RELIGIOUS CORPORATIONS
Renegotiable rate mortgage loans, Minn. Statutes 2004 50.14
Residences, drafting, Minn. Statutes 2004 481.02
Residential mortgage loans
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.207
Interest rates, Minn. Statutes 2004 58.16
Residential mortgage originators and servicers, standards of conduct, Minn. Statutes 2004 58.13
Residential mortgage originators and servicers, Minn. Statutes 2004 58.01 to 58.17, 60K.43
Restrictions, discriminatory provisions restricting conveyance of real property, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.18
Restructured mortgage loans
Defined, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.121
Insurance companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.123, 60A.127
Retail installment contracts
Motor Vehicle Retail Installment Sales Act, Minn. Statutes 2004 168.66
Reverse mortgages
Authorized, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Federally administered mortgages, tax exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Generally, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.58
Interest, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.58, 287.05
MFIP, income, exclusion, Minn. Statutes 2004 256J.21
Mortgage registry taxes, see MORTGAGE REGISTRY TAXES
Proceeds, disregards, Minn. Statutes 2004 256.99
Revolving lines of credit secured by
Mortgage registry tax, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Recording, notice to parties, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.325
Rulemaking about
Cooperative apartment loans, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Generally, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Graduated payment home loans, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.201
Insurance, random sample procedures, Minn. Statutes 2004 60A.127
Reverse mortgage loans, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.58
Rural development financing authorities, powers, Minn. Statutes 2004 469.146
Rural Finance Authority
Seller-sponsored loans, security, Minn. Statutes 2004 41B.042
Rural water user districts, property, Minn. Statutes 2004 110A.33, 110A.34
Satisfaction
Application of law, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.412
Certificates of release of mortgage, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.401
Certificates of satisfaction by assignee, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.403
Conveyancing forms, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.09, 507.091
Corporate identity changes, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.411
Deed taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.22
Delivery, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.208
Failure to discharge, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.41
Procedure, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.40
Recording, mortgage registry tax payments, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.10
Release by fewer than all mortgagees, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.412
Violations and penalties, failure to deliver, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.208
Secured transactions, see Mortgages under SECURED TRANSACTIONS
Securities, exemptions, Minn. Statutes 2004 83.26
Security
Agricultural improvement programs, direct loans, Minn. Statutes 2004 41B.043
Agricultural resource project loans, Minn. Statutes 2004 41A.03
Inapplicable laws, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.21
Instruments, mortgage registry taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.04
Livestock expansion loans, Minn. Statutes 2004 41B.045
Multistate mortgages, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Real property in Minnesota, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.05
Selling mortgaged real estate, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Semitaconite mining companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 300.114
Senior citizens' property tax deferral program, Minn. Statutes 2004 290B.03, 290B.04
Shelter costs, mortgages defined as, Minn. Statutes 2004 256J.08
Successors in interest, savings banks, Minn. Statutes 2004 50.1485
Supplemental mortgages, see MORTGAGE REGISTRY TAXES
Taconite mining companies, Minn. Statutes 2004 300.114
Tax-exempt property, mortgages on
Mortgage registry taxes, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.04
Taxes, see MORTGAGE REGISTRY TAXES
Telegraph companies
Bonds secured by, Minn. Statutes 2004 222.141
Recording requirements, Minn. Statutes 2004 222.18
Telephone companies
Application of law, exception, Minn. Statutes 2004 300.114
Bonds secured by, Minn. Statutes 2004 222.141
Prior instruments, Minn. Statutes 2004 300.114
Requirements, Minn. Statutes 2004 300.114
Timber, conveyances, recording, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.36
Transfer statements, see under SECURED TRANSACTIONS
Transfers, mortgages defined as, Minn. Statutes 2004 323A.0101
Trust companies, investment powers, Minn. Statutes 2004 48A.08
Trusts
Assets, generally, Minn. Statutes 2004 501B.46 to 501B.57
Trustees, enumerated powers, Minn. Statutes 2004 501B.81
Uniform Short Form Mortgage Act, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.15
Unrecorded mortgages, recitals, notice, generally, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.332
Usury, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Validity, mortgage registry tax, errors, Minn. Statutes 2004 287.10
Veterans administration, secured mortgages
Savings banks, purchasing, selling, Minn. Statutes 2004 50.155
Violations and penalties
Cooperative apartment loans, unlawful interest rates, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Defeating security, Minn. Statutes 2004 609.615
Discount point agreements, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.206
Excess insurance requirements, Minn. Statutes 2004 65A.09
Failure to discharge, damages, Minn. Statutes 2004 507.41
Interest rate agreements, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.206
Unlawful interest rates, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Waivers, Minn. Statutes 2004 47.20
Warehouse receipts
Negotiating without disclosing mortgage, Minn. Statutes 2004 227.55