1st Engrossment - 80th Legislature (1997 - 1998) Posted on 12/15/2009 12:00am
1.1 A bill for an act 1.2 relating to human services; changing provisions for 1.3 placement of children; amending Minnesota Statutes 1.4 1996, sections 257.071, subdivisions 1a and 7; 1.5 257.072, subdivisions 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 9; 259.29; 1.6 259.57, subdivision 2; 259.77; 260.181, subdivision 3; 1.7 and 260.191, subdivision 1a. 1.8 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA: 1.9 Section 1. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 257.071, 1.10 subdivision 1a, is amended to read: 1.11 Subd. 1a. [PROTECTION OF HERITAGE OR BACKGROUNDPLACEMENT 1.12 DECISIONS BASED ON BEST INTEREST OF THE CHILD.]The authorized1.13child-placing agency shall(a) The policy of the state of 1.14 Minnesota is to ensure that the child's best interests are met 1.15 bygiving due, not sole, consideration of the child's race or1.16ethnic heritage in making a family foster care1.17placement.requiring an individualized determination of the 1.18 needs of the child and of how the selected placement will serve 1.19 the needs of the child being placed. The authorized 1.20 child-placing agency shall place a child, released by court 1.21 order or by voluntary release by the parent or parents, in a 1.22 family foster home selected byfollowing the preferences1.23described inconsidering placement with relatives and important 1.24 friends consistent with section 260.181, subdivision 3. 1.25 (b) Among the factors the agency shall consider in 1.26 determining the needs of the child are those specified under 2.1 section 260.181, subdivision 3, paragraph (b). 2.2When there is not a family foster home of the same race or2.3ethnic heritage available that can meet the needs of the child,2.4the agency must place the child in a home of a foster family2.5that is of different racial or ethnic heritage that can meet the2.6needs of the child.(c) Placement of a child cannot be delayed 2.7 or denied basedsolelyon race., color, or national origin of 2.8 the foster parent or the child. Whenever possible, siblings 2.9 should be placed together unless it is determined not to be in 2.10 the best interests of a sibling. 2.11 Sec. 2. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 257.071, 2.12 subdivision 7, is amended to read: 2.13 Subd. 7. [RULES.]By December 31, 1989,The commissioner 2.14 shall revise Minnesota Rules, parts 9545.0010 to 9545.0260, the 2.15 rules setting standards for family and group family foster 2.16 care. The commissioner shall: 2.17 (1) require that, as a condition of licensure, foster care 2.18 providers attend training onthe importance of protecting2.19 understanding and validating the cultural heritagewithin the2.20meaning of Laws 1983, chapter 278, the Indian Child Welfare Act,2.21Public Law Number 95-608, and the Minnesota Indian family2.22preservation act, sections 257.35 to 257.3579of all children in 2.23 their care, and on the importance of the Indian Child Welfare 2.24 Act, United States Code, title 25, sections 1901 to 1923, and 2.25 the Minnesota Indian Family Preservation Act, sections 257.35 to 2.26 257.3579; and 2.27 (2) review and, where necessary, revise foster care rules 2.28 to reflect sensitivity to cultural diversity and differing 2.29 lifestyles. Specifically, the commissioner shall examine 2.30 whether space and other requirements discriminate against 2.31 single-parent, minority, or low-income families who may be able 2.32 to provide quality foster care reflecting the values of their 2.33 own respective cultures. 2.34 Sec. 3. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 257.072, 2.35 subdivision 1, is amended to read: 2.36 Subdivision 1. [RECRUITMENT OF FOSTER FAMILIES.] Each 3.1 authorized child-placing agency shall make special efforts to 3.2 recruit a foster family from among the child's relatives, except 3.3 as authorized in section 260.181, subdivision 3. In recruiting 3.4 placements for each child, the agency must focus on that child's 3.5 particular needs and the capacities of the particular 3.6 prospective foster parents to meet those needs. Each agency 3.7 shall provide for diligent recruitment of potential foster 3.8 families that reflect the ethnic and racial diversity of the 3.9 children in the state for whom foster homes are needed. Special 3.10 efforts include contacting and working with community 3.11 organizations and religious organizations and may include 3.12 contracting with these organizations, utilizing local media and 3.13 other local resources, conducting outreach activities, and 3.14 increasing the number of minority recruitment staff employed by 3.15 the agency. The requirement of special efforts to locate 3.16 relatives in this section is satisfied if the responsible 3.17 child-placing agency has made appropriate efforts for six months 3.18 following the child's placement in a residential facility and 3.19 the court approves the agency's efforts pursuant to section 3.20 260.191, subdivision 3a. The agency may accept any gifts, 3.21 grants, offers of services, and other contributions to use in 3.22 making special recruitment efforts. 3.23 Sec. 4. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 257.072, 3.24 subdivision 2, is amended to read: 3.25 Subd. 2. [DUTIES OF COMMISSIONER.] The commissioner of 3.26 human services shall: 3.27 (1) in cooperation with child-placing agencies, develop a 3.28 cost-effective campaign using radio and television to recruit 3.29minorityadoptive and foster families that reflect the ethnic 3.30 and racial diversity of children in the state for whom adoptive 3.31 and foster homes are needed; and 3.32 (2) require that agency staff people who work in the area 3.33 ofminorityadoption and foster family recruitmentattend3.34 participate in culturalsensitivitycompetency training; and. 3.35(3) monitor the record keeping, licensing, placement3.36preference, recruitment, review, and reporting requirements of4.1the minority child heritage protection act, Laws 1983, chapter4.2278.4.3 Sec. 5. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 257.072, 4.4 subdivision 3, is amended to read: 4.5 Subd. 3. [MINORITYRECRUITMENT SPECIALIST.] The 4.6 commissioner shall designate a permanent professional staff 4.7 position fora minorityrecruitmentspecialistof foster and 4.8 adoptive families. Theminorityrecruitment specialist shall 4.9 provide services to child-placing agencies seeking to 4.10 recruitminorityadoptive and foster care families and qualified 4.11minorityprofessional staff. Theminorityrecruitment 4.12 specialist shall: 4.13 (1) develop materials for use by the agencies in training 4.14 staff; 4.15 (2) conduct in-service workshops for agency personnel; 4.16 (3) provide consultation, technical assistance, and other 4.17 appropriate services to agencieswishingto strengthen and 4.18 improve service delivery tominoritydiverse populations; and 4.19 (4) conduct workshops for foster care and adoption 4.20 recruiters to evaluate the effectiveness of techniques for 4.21 recruitingminorityfoster and adoptive families; and 4.22 (5) perform other duties as assigned by the commissioner to 4.23 implement theminority child heritage protection act and the4.24 Minnesota Indian Family Preservation Act, sections 257.35 to 4.25 257.3579. 4.26Upon recommendation of the minority recruitment specialist,4.27 The commissioner may contract for portions of these services. 4.28 Sec. 6. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 257.072, 4.29 subdivision 4, is amended to read: 4.30 Subd. 4. [CONSULTATION WITHMINORITYREPRESENTATIVES.] The 4.31 commissioner of human servicesshall, after seeking and 4.32 considering advice from representatives reflecting diverse 4.33 populations from the councils established under sections 3.922, 4.34 3.9223, 3.9225, and 3.9226, and other state, local, and 4.35 community organizations shall: 4.36 (1) review, and where necessary, revise the department of 5.1 human services social service manual and practice guide to 5.2 reflectthe scope and intent of Laws 1983, chapter 278federal 5.3 and state policy direction on placement of children; 5.4 (2) develop criteria for determining whether a prospective 5.5 adoptive or foster familyis "knowledgeable and appreciative" as5.6the term is used in section 260.181, subdivision 3has the 5.7 ability to understand and validate the child's cultural 5.8 background; 5.9 (3) develop a standardized training curriculum for adoption 5.10 and foster care workers, family-based providers, and 5.11 administrators who work withminority and special needs5.12 children. Training must address the followingsubjects5.13 objectives: 5.14 (a) developing and maintaining sensitivity tootherall 5.15 cultures; 5.16 (b) assessing values and their cultural implications; and 5.17 (c)implementing the minority child heritage protection5.18act, Laws 1983, chapter 278, and the Minnesota Indian family5.19preservation act, sections 257.35 to 257.3579making 5.20 individualized decisions that advance the best interests of a 5.21 particular child under section 257.071, subdivision 1a; 5.22 (4) develop a training curriculum for family and extended 5.23 family members ofminorityadoptive and foster children. The 5.24 curriculum must address issues relating to cross-cultural 5.25 placements as well as issues that arise after a foster or 5.26 adoptive placement is made; and 5.27 (5) develop and provide to agencies an assessment tool to 5.28 be used in combination with group interviews and other 5.29 preplacement activities to evaluate prospective adoptive and 5.30 foster familiesof minority children. The tool must assess 5.31 problem-solving skills; identify parenting skills; and, when5.32required by section 260.181, subdivision 3,evaluate the degree 5.33 to which the prospective familyis knowledgeable and5.34appreciative of racial and ethnic differenceshas the ability to 5.35 understand and validate the child's cultural background. 5.36 Sec. 7. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 257.072, 6.1 subdivision 7, is amended to read: 6.2 Subd. 7. [DUTIES OF CHILD-PLACING AGENCIES.] Each 6.3 authorized child-placing agency must: 6.4 (1) develop and follow procedures for implementing the 6.5order of preference prescribed byrequirements of section 6.6 260.181, subdivision 3, and the Indian Child Welfare Act, United 6.7 States Code, title 25, sections 1901 to 1923; 6.8 (a) In implementing theorder of preferencerequirement to 6.9 consider relatives for placement, an authorized child-placing 6.10 agency may disclose private or confidential data, as defined in 6.11 section 13.02, to relatives of the child for the purpose of 6.12 locating a suitable placement. The agency shall disclose only 6.13 data that is necessary to facilitate implementing the 6.14 preference. If a parent makes an explicit request that the 6.15 relative preference not be followed, the agency shall bring the 6.16 matter to the attention of the court to determine whether the 6.17 parent's request is consistent with the best interests of the 6.18 child and the agency shall not contact relatives unless ordered 6.19 to do so by the juvenile court; and 6.20 (b) In determining the suitability of a proposed placement 6.21 of an Indian child, the standards to be applied must be the 6.22 prevailing social and cultural standards of the Indian child's 6.23 community, and the agency shall defer to tribal judgment as to 6.24 suitability of a particular home when the tribe has intervened 6.25 pursuant to the Indian Child Welfare Act; 6.26 (2) have a written plan for recruitingminorityadoptive 6.27 and foster families that reflect the ethnic and racial diversity 6.28 of children who are in need of foster and adoptive homes. The 6.29 plan must include (a) strategies for using existing resources in 6.30minoritydiverse communities, (b) use ofminoritydiverse 6.31 outreach staff wherever possible, (c) use ofminoritydiverse 6.32 foster homes for placements after birth and before adoption, and 6.33 (d) other techniques as appropriate; 6.34 (3) have a written plan for training adoptive and foster 6.35 familiesof minority children; 6.36 (4)if located in an area with a significant minority7.1population,have a written plan for employingminority social7.2workersstaff in adoption and foster care who have the capacity 7.3 to assess the foster and adoptive parents' ability to understand 7.4 and validate a child's cultural needs, and to advance the best 7.5 interests of the child. The plan must include staffing goals 7.6 and objectives; 7.7 (5) ensure that adoption and foster care workers attend 7.8 training offered or approved by the department of human services 7.9 regarding cultural diversity and the needs of special needs 7.10 children; and 7.11 (6) develop and implement procedures for implementing the 7.12 requirements of the Indian Child Welfare Act and the Minnesota 7.13 Indian Family Preservation Act. 7.14 Sec. 8. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 257.072, 7.15 subdivision 9, is amended to read: 7.16 Subd. 9. [RULES.] The commissioner of human services shall 7.17 adopt rules to establish standards for conducting relative 7.18 searches,andrecruiting foster and adoptive familiesof the7.19same racial or ethnic heritage as the child,andevaluating the 7.20 role of relative status in the reconsideration of 7.21 disqualifications under section 245A.04, subdivision 3b, and 7.22 granting variances of licensing requirements under section 7.23 245A.04, subdivision 9, in licensing or approving an individual 7.24 related to a child. 7.25 Sec. 9. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 259.29, is 7.26 amended to read: 7.27 259.29 [PROTECTION OFHERITAGE OR BACKGROUNDBEST INTERESTS 7.28 IN ADOPTIVE PLACEMENTS.] 7.29 Subdivision 1. [BEST INTERESTS OF THE CHILD.] (a) The 7.30 policy of the state of Minnesota is to ensure that the best 7.31 interests of the child are met by requiringdue, not sole,7.32consideration of the child's race or ethnic heritage in adoption7.33placements. For purposes of intercountry adoptions, due7.34consideration is deemed to have occurred if the appropriate7.35authority in the child's country of birth has approved the7.36placement of the child.individualized determination of the 8.1 needs of the child and of how the adoptive placement will serve 8.2 the needs of the child. 8.3 (b) Among the factors the agency shall consider in 8.4 determining the needs of the child are those specified under 8.5 section 260.181, subdivision 3, paragraph (b). 8.6 Subd. 2. [PLACEMENT WITH RELATIVE OR FRIEND.] The 8.7 authorized child-placing agency shallgive preference, in the8.8absence of good cause to the contrary, to placing the child with8.9(a) a relative or relatives of the child, or, if that would be8.10detrimental to the child or a relative is not available, (b) an8.11important friend with whom the child has resided or had8.12significant contact, or if that is not possible, (c) a family8.13with the same racial or ethnic heritage as the child, or, if8.14that is not feasible, (d) a family of different racial or ethnic8.15heritage from the child which is knowledgeable and appreciative8.16of the child's racial or ethnic heritage.consider placement, 8.17 consistent with the child's best interests and in the following 8.18 order, with (1) a relative or relatives of the child, or (2) an 8.19 important friend with whom the child has resided or had 8.20 significant contact. In implementingthe order of preference8.21 this section, an authorized child-placing agency may disclose 8.22 private or confidential data, as defined in section 13.02, to 8.23 relatives of the child for the purpose of locating a suitable 8.24 adoptive home. The agency shall disclose only data that is 8.25 necessary to facilitate implementing the preference. 8.26 If the child's birth parent or parents explicitly request 8.27 thatthe preference described in clause (a), (b), or8.28(c)placement with relatives or important friends not be 8.29followedconsidered, the authorized child-placing agency shall 8.30 honor that request consistent with the best interests of the 8.31 child. 8.32 If the child's birth parent or parents express a preference 8.33 for placing the child in an adoptive home of the same or a 8.34 similar religious background to that of the birth parent or 8.35 parents, in following the preferences in clause (a), (b), or8.36(c), the agency shall place the child with a family thatalso9.1 meets the birth parent's religious preference.Only if no9.2family is available that is described in clause (a), (b), or (c)9.3may the agency give preference to a family described in clause9.4(d) that meets the parent's religious preference.9.5 This subdivision does not affect the Indian Child Welfare 9.6 Act, United States Code, title 25, sections 1901 to 1923, and 9.7 the Minnesota Indian Family Preservation Act, sections 257.35 to 9.8 257.3579. 9.9 Sec. 10. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 259.57, 9.10 subdivision 2, is amended to read: 9.11 Subd. 2. [PROTECTION OFHERITAGE OR BACKGROUNDTHE CHILD'S 9.12 BEST INTERESTS.] (a) The policy of the state of Minnesota is to 9.13 ensure that the best interests of children are met by 9.14 requiringdue, not sole, consideration of the child's race or9.15ethnic heritage in adoption placements. For purposes of9.16intercountry adoptions, due consideration is deemed to have9.17occurred if the appropriate authority in the child's country of9.18birth has approved the placement of the childan individualized 9.19 determination of the needs of the child and how the adoptive 9.20 placement will serve the needs of the child. 9.21 (b) Among the factors the court shall consider in 9.22 determining the needs of the child are those specified under 9.23 section 260.181, subdivision 3, paragraph (b). 9.24 (c) In reviewing adoptive placement, the court shall9.25consider preference,and in determining appropriate adoption, 9.26 the court shallgive preference, in the absence of good cause to9.27the contrary, to (a)consider placement, consistent with the 9.28 child's best interests and in the following order, with (1) a 9.29 relative or relatives of the child, or, if that would be9.30detrimental to the child or a relative is not available, to (b)9.31a family with the same racial or ethnic heritage as the child,9.32or if that is not feasible, to (c) a family of different racial9.33or ethnic heritage from the child that is knowledgeable and9.34appreciative of the child's racial or ethnic heritage.(2) an 9.35 important friend with whom the child has resided or had 9.36 significant contact. Placement of a child cannot be delayed or 10.1 denied based on race, color, or national origin of the adoptive 10.2 parent or the child. Whenever possible, siblings should be 10.3 placed together unless it is determined not to be in the best 10.4 interests of a sibling. 10.5 (d) If the child's birth parent or parents explicitly 10.6 request thatthe preference described in clause (a) or in10.7clauses (a) and (b)relatives and important friends not be 10.8followedconsidered, the court shall honor that request 10.9 consistent with the best interests of the child. 10.10 If the child's birth parent or parents express a preference 10.11 for placing the child in an adoptive home of the same or a 10.12 similar religious background to that of the birth parent or 10.13 parents,in following the preferences in clause (a) or (b),the 10.14 court shall place the child with a family that also meets the 10.15 birth parent's religious preference. Only if no family is 10.16 available as described in clause (a) or (b) may the court give 10.17 preference to a family described in clause (c) that meets the 10.18 parent's religious preference. 10.19 (e) This subdivision does not affect the Indian Child 10.20 Welfare Act, United States Code, title 25, sections 1901 to 10.21 1923, and the Minnesota Indian Family Preservation Act, sections 10.22 257.35 to 257.3579. 10.23 Sec. 11. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 259.77, is 10.24 amended to read: 10.25 259.77 [FAMILY RECRUITMENT.] 10.26 Each authorized child-placing agency shall make special 10.27 efforts to recruit an adoptive family from among the child's 10.28 relatives, except as authorized in section 259.57, subdivision 10.29 2. Each agency shall provide for the diligent recruitment of 10.30 potential adoptive families that reflect the ethnic and racial 10.31 diversity of children in the state for whom adoptive homes are 10.32 needed. Special efforts include contacting and working with 10.33 community organizations and religious organizations and may 10.34 include contracting with these organizations, utilizing local 10.35 media and other local resources, and conducting outreach 10.36 activities. The requirement of special efforts to locate 11.1 relatives in this section is satisfied ifthe efforts have11.2continued for six months after the child becomes available for11.3adoptionspecial efforts were made to recruit relatives when the 11.4 child was first placed in out-of-home care or if special efforts 11.5 have been satisfied and approved by the courtpursuantaccording 11.6 to section 260.191, subdivision 3a. The agency may accept any 11.7 gifts, grants, offers of services, and other contributions to 11.8 use in making special recruitment efforts. 11.9 Sec. 12. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 260.181, 11.10 subdivision 3, is amended to read: 11.11 Subd. 3. [PROTECTION OFHERITAGE OR BACKGROUNDTHE CHILD'S 11.12 BEST INTERESTS.] (a) The policy of the state is to ensure that 11.13 the best interests of children are met by requiringdue, not11.14sole, consideration of the child's race or ethnic11.15heritageindividualized determinations of the needs of the child 11.16 and of how the selected placement will serve the needs of the 11.17 child in foster care placements. 11.18 (b) Among the factors to be considered in determining the 11.19 needs of the child are: 11.20 (1) the child's current functioning and behaviors; 11.21 (2) the medical, educational, and developmental needs of 11.22 the child; 11.23 (3) the child's history and past experience; 11.24 (4) the child's religious and cultural needs; 11.25 (5) the child's connection with a community, school, and 11.26 church; 11.27 (6) the child's interests and talents; 11.28 (7) the child's relationship to current caretakers, 11.29 parents, siblings, and relatives; and 11.30 (8) the reasonable preference of the child, if the court, 11.31 or in the case of a voluntary placement the child-placing 11.32 agency, deems the child to be of sufficient age to express 11.33 preferences. 11.34 (c) The court, in transferring legal custody of any child 11.35 or appointing a guardian for the child under the laws relating 11.36 to juvenile courts, shallplace the child, in the following12.1order of preference,consider placement, consistent with the 12.2 child's best interests and in the following order,in the12.3absence of good cause to the contrary,in the legal custody or 12.4 guardianship of an individual who(a)(1) is related to the 12.5 child by blood, marriage, or adoption, orif that would be12.6detrimental to the child or a relative is not available, who12.7(b)(2) is an important friend with whom the child has resided 12.8 or had significant contact, or if that is not possible, who (c)12.9is of the same racial or ethnic heritage as the child, or if12.10that is not possible, who (d) is knowledgeable and appreciative12.11of the child's racial or ethnic heritage. Placement of a child 12.12 cannot be delayed or denied based on race, color, or national 12.13 origin of the foster parent or the child. Whenever possible, 12.14 siblings should be placed together unless it is determined not 12.15 to be in the best interests of a sibling. 12.16 (d) If the child's birth parent or parents explicitly 12.17 request thatthe preference described in clause (a), (b), or (c)12.18 a relative or important friend not befollowedconsidered, the 12.19 court shall honor that request if it is consistent with the best 12.20 interests of the child. 12.21 If the child's birth parent or parents express a preference 12.22 for placing the child in a foster or adoptive home of the same 12.23 or a similar religious background to that of the birth parent or 12.24 parents,in following the preferences in clause (a), (b), or12.25(c),the court shall order placement of the child with an 12.26 individual who meets the birth parent's religious preference. 12.27Only if no individual is available who is described in clause12.28(a), (b), or (c) may the court give preference to an individual12.29described in clause (d) who meets the parent's religious12.30preference.12.31 (e) This subdivision does not affect the Indian Child 12.32 Welfare Act, United States Code, title 25, sections 1901 to 12.33 1923, and the Minnesota Indian Family Preservation Act, sections 12.34 257.35 to 257.3579. 12.35 Sec. 13. Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 260.191, 12.36 subdivision 1a, is amended to read: 13.1 Subd. 1a. [WRITTEN FINDINGS.] Any order for a disposition 13.2 authorized under this section shall contain written findings of 13.3 fact to support the disposition ordered, and shall also set 13.4 forth in writing the following information: 13.5 (a) Why the best interests of the child are served by the 13.6 disposition ordered; 13.7 (b) What alternative dispositions were considered by the 13.8 court and why such dispositions were not appropriate in the 13.9 instant case; 13.10 (c)In the case of a child of minority racial or minority13.11ethnic heritage,How the court's disposition complies with the 13.12 requirements of section 260.181, subdivision 3; and 13.13 (d) Whether reasonable efforts consistent with section 13.14 260.012 were made to prevent or eliminate the necessity of the 13.15 child's removal and to reunify the family after removal. The 13.16 court's findings must include a brief description of what 13.17 preventive and reunification efforts were made and why further 13.18 efforts could not have prevented or eliminated the necessity of 13.19 removal. 13.20 If the court finds that the social services agency's 13.21 preventive or reunification efforts have not been reasonable but 13.22 that further preventive or reunification efforts could not 13.23 permit the child to safely remain at home, the court may 13.24 nevertheless authorize or continue the removal of the child. 13.25 Sec. 14. [EFFECTIVE DATE.] 13.26 Sections 1 to 13 are effective the day following final 13.27 enactment.